Research On Mars
Is there life on Mars? Patricia Ann Straat '58 thought so.
Oberlin Alumni Magazine Winter 2020
New: Letter to Science magazine
G.V. Levin, 8/7/2020.
New: Scientific American Op-Ed: I'm Convinced We Found Evidence of Life on Mars in the 1970s
G.V. Levin, Scientific American Blog Network, Submitted 2019.
Embargoed Until Appearance In Astrobiology Fast Track Third Week Of July, 2018
Partially Pregnant as Submitted
G.V. Levin and P.A. Straat, 2017.
The Case for Extant Life on Mars and its Possible Detection by the Viking Labeled Release Experiment
G.V. Levin and P.A. Straat, Astrobiology, Volume 16, Number 10, pp. 798-810, 2016
Patrick Rowan's Skywatch
P Rowan, The Republican, July 5 2016.
News Release: Gilbert Levin, advocate of the existence of Martian life, to visit Kiruna
Lulea Technical University, Kiruna, Sweden, May 25 2016.
Is Life Supernatural?
G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XVII,paper no. 9606-2, SPIE Proc., 2015.
We Need a Bio-Einstein
G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XVII, SPIE Proc.
News Release: Curiosity may be adapted to look for life on Mars. Proposal from University of Buckingham approved, awaits funding. G. V. Levin among proposers
Shulze-Makuch, D., et al., “Nearly Forty Years After Viking: Are We Ready for a new Life Detection Mission?”
Roundtable Discussion, Astrobiology, 15(6): 413-419. doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1336, June 2015.
The Curiousness of Curiosity
G. V. Levin, Astrobiology, vol. 14, num. 12, 2014
SPIE News Release of Gilbert Levin Video, SPIE Annual Conference, San Diego, CA, August, 2013
Freedom Of Information Act Request by Levin and Response by NASA/JPL
FOIA to NASA Headquarters filed Dec. 9, 2013 by GV Levin.
Implications of Curiosity's Findings for the Viking Labeled Release Experiment and Life on Mars
G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XVI, SPIE Proc., 8865, 8865-2, 2013.
Evidence for Microbial Life on Mars
G. V. Levin, SPIE Newsroom. DOI: 10.1117/2. 1201306.004954, July 8, 2013.
Stealth Life Detection Instruments Aboard Curiosity
G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XV, SPIE Proc., 8521, 852102-1, 2012.
Complexity Analysis of the Viking Labeled Release Experiments
G. Bianciardi, J. D. Miller, P. A. Straat, G. V. Levin, Int'l J. of Aeronautical & Space Sci. 13(1), 14-26(2012)
Mars Life: Been There, Done That?
Alan Boyle, MSNBC, Mar. 27, 2012
Veteran Mars Researcher Says Experiments On Curiosity Can Confirm Viking Detected Life, “stealth” Life Detectors Aboard
G. V. Levin, Goodyear, AZ, USA, Dec. 1, 2011
The Viking Mission and Life on Mars
G. V. Levin, with A. I. Oparin, et al., Life Origin and Evolution (in Portuguese), eds. Levy, A., Carrapico, F., Abreu, H and Pina, M., Esfero Do Caos Editores LDA, Lisbon, Portugal, 2011.
Ramifications of a Sterile Mars
G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods and Missions for Astrobiology, XIV, SPIE Proceedings, eds. RB Hoover, GV Levin; AY Rozanov and Paul Davies, Paper 8152-11, 2011.
The Search for Life on Mars – and Earth: a Call for Objectivity and a New Proposal
G. V. Levin, J. of Cosmology, Vol.16, 2011.
The Goldilocks Problem for Life: Its Possible Solution
G. V. Levin, Life in the Cosmos Panel Discussion, Panel Moderators: Richard B. Hoover, NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr.; Paul Davies, Arizona State Univ.; Alexei Yu. Rozanov, Paleontological Institute (Russian), Instruments, Methods and Missions for Astrobiology, XIV, San Diego, CA, August 23, 2011.
Mars: The Living Planet, Chapter 9 Revisited
G. V. Levin, in The Microbes of Mars – a 2011 Addendum to Mars: The Living Planet, Barry DiGregorio, - Kindle Edition - Kindle eBook, 2011.
Review of the book “We Are Not Alone: Why We Have Already Found Extraterrestrial Life
by Dirk Schulze-Makuch and David Darling. reviewed by G. V. Levin, EARTH Vol. 55 (No. 11), p. 67, Nov., 2010.
It's Time to Realize there is Life on Mars
G. V. Levin, Earth, 86, Oct., 2010.
Solving the Problems with Chirality as a Biomarker for Alien Life
G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods and Missions for Astrobiology, eds. RB Hoover, GV Levin; AY Rozanov and Paul Davies, SPIE Proceedings, 7819, 14, 2010.
The Likelihood of Methane-producing Microbes on Mars
Miller, J. D., M. J. Case, and G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIII, SPIE Proc., 7819, 15, 2010.
Can Chirality Give Proof of Extinct or Extant Life?
G. V. Levin, Astrobiology Science Conference 2010, April 26–29, 2010
Extant Life on Mars: Resolving the Issues
G. V. Levin, J. of Cosmology, 5, 920-929, 2010.
Methane and Life on Mars
G. V. Levin and P. A. Straat, Instruments, Methods and Missions for Astrobiology and Planetary Missions XII, RB Hoover, GV Levin, AY Rozanov, and KD Retherford, eds., SPIE Proceedings, vol. 7441, invited paper, no. 744110D, Aug. 5, 2009.
Stereo-Specific Glucose Consumption May Be Used to Distinguish Between Chemical and Biological Reactivity on Mars:
A Preliminary Test on Earth, comment, G. V. Levin, ASTROBIOLOGY, Volume 9, Number 5, 2009 (w response)
The Revival Of Life On Mars
G. V. Levin, Instruments, Methods and Missions for Astrobiology X, eds. RB Hoover, GV Levin, AY Rozanov, and PCW Davies, SPIE Proceedings, 6694, paper number 6694-21, August 29, 2007.
Analysis of evidence of Mars life
G. V. Levin, The Carnegie Institution Geological Laboratory Seminar, May 14, 2007
Possible Evidence for Panspermia: the Labeled Release Experiment
G. V. Levin, The Carnegie Institution Geological Laboratory Seminar, May 14, 2007
Detecting Life and Biology-Related Parameters on Mars
GV Levin, JD Miller, PA Straat, RA Lodder, RB Hoover, IEEE Aerospace Conference, vol. 1, 2007.
Modern myths of Mars
Instruments, Methods and Missions for Astrobiology, eds. RB Hoover, GV Levin and AY Rozanov, SPIE Proceedings, 6309, 6309OC-1 – 6309OC-15, September 1, 2006.
Mars life
how Darwinian pressures might have shaped its form and function, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, 5906, OD1-10, August 2005.
A circadian biosignature in the Labeled Release data from Mars?
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, 5906, OC1-10, August 2005.
News out of ESA Mars Conference in the Netherlands
75 percent of the attending scientists now believe that Mars may have had life.
Interpretation of new results from Mars with respect to life
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings 5555, 14, August 2004.
Color Calibration of the Martian images
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings 5555, 29, August 2004
Color Calibration of Spirit and Opportunity Rover Images
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings 5555, 30, August 2004.
Water Everywhere
Space News International, January 19, 2004
Finding Life on Mars Would Not Surprise One Scientist
Newhouse News Service, January 16, 2004
Levin, R. and J. Weatherwax, "Liquid Water on Mars"
PROC. SPIE, 5163:145-147, 2004.
Solving the color calibration problem of Martian lander images
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings 5163, 19, August 2003
Odyssey gives evidence for liquid water on Mars
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings 5163, 16, August 2003.
Iron(VI) Seems an Unlikely Explanation for Viking Labeled Release Results
Icarus 159, 1, 266-267, September 1, 2002 (and the rebuttal of Tsapin et al.).
A Sterile Robotic Mars Soil Analyzer, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology
SPIE Proceedings, 4859, 78-86, August 2002.
NASA-sponsored Washington University at St. Louis website
on Spherix' Viking Labeled Release life detection experiment on Mars.
Life on Mars, Dawn of a New Age,
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, poster presentation, July 2001.
Scientific Logic for Life on Mars,
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, 4495, 81-88, July 2001.
The Oxides of Mars
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, 4495, 131-135, July 2001.
Periodic Analysis of the Viking Lander Labeled Release Experiment
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, 4495, 96-107, July 2001.
Approaches to Resolving the Question of Life on Mars
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, 4137, 48-62, August 2000.
Water Supply and Water Pollution Control
Poster Presentation at The Future Search for Life on Mars, Lunar And Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, November 2-4, 1998.
Liquid water and life on Mars
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology, SPIE Proceedings, 3441, 30-41, July 1998.
The Mars Oxidant Experiment (MOx) for Mars
Planetary and Space Science, Vol 46, Iss 6-7, pp 769-777, June-July 1998.
The Viking Labeled Release Experiment and Life on Mars
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for the Investigation of Extraterrestrial Microorganisms, SPIE Proceedings, 3111, 146-161, July 1997.
Life After Viking: The Evidence Mounts
287-311 in DiGregorio, B., Mars, the Living Planet, Frog, Ltd. c/o North Atlantic Books, Berkeley (1997).
Investigating the Surface Chemistry of Mars
Analytical Chemistry, October, 1995.
Book Review of Mars Beckons
Wilford, John Noble, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1990, In Spectrum, 27, 11, December, 1990.
A Reappraisal of Life on Mars
The NASA Mars Conference, Science and Technology Series, 71, 186-210, 1988.
The Life on Mars Dilemma and the Sample Return Mission
Proc. Mars Sample Return Science Workshop, Houston, 1987.
Completion of the Viking Labeled Release Experiment on Mars
Journal of Molecular Evolution, 14, 167-183, 1979.
Laboratory Simulations of the Viking Labeled Release Experiment: Kinetics Following Second Nutrient Injection and the Nature of the Gaseous End Product
J. Mol. Evol., 14, 185-197 (1979).
Viking Mars Labeled Release Results
Nature, 277, 327, (1979)
Biology or Chemistry? The Viking Labeled Release Experiment on Mars
Abstract, XXth Plenary Meeting of COSPAR, Tel Aviv, (1977).
The Viking Labeled Release Experiment: Current Status of Flight Data and Laboratory Simulations
Abstracts of the Annual Meeting, American Society for Microbiology, 95, (1977).
Recent Results From the Viking Labeled Release Experiment on Mars
Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 82, No. 28; September 30, 1977
Life on Mars? The Viking Labeled Release Experiment
Biosystems, 9(1977) 165-174
Labeled Release - An Experiment in Radiorespirometry
Origins of Life 7(1976) 293-311.
Water on Mars and the Viking Biology Experiment
Proc. Colloquium on Water in Planetary Regoliths, Dartmouth College, October 1976.
Viking Labeled Release Biology Experiment: Interim Results
Science, 194, 1322-1329, (1976).
The Viking Biological Investigation: Preliminary Results
Science, 194, 4260, 99-105 (1976).
The Viking Mission Search for Life on Mars
Nature, 262, 5563, 24-27 (1976).
Mariner 9: Prelude to First Field Test of a General Theory of Biology?
Publication No. X-922-74-310, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, Greenbelt, MD, November 1974.
Detection of Metabolically Produced Labeled Gas: The Viking Mars Lander
Icarus, 16, 153-166, 1972.
Infrared Spectroscopy Experiment on the Mariner 9 Mission: Preliminary Results
Science, 175, 305-308, January 1972.
Investigation of the Martian Environment by Infrared Spectroscopy on Mariner 9
Icarus, 17, 423-442, 1972.
Infrared Spectroscopy Experiment for Mariner Mars 1971
Icarus, 12, 48-62, 1970.
Experiments and Instrumentation for Extraterrestrial Life Detection
Advances in Applied Microbiology, 10, 55-71, Academic Press, New York, 1968.
Life Detection by Means of Metabolic Experiments
The Search for Extraterrestrial Life, 22, Advances in the Astronautical Sciences Series, 223-251, Am. Astro. Soc., 1967.
Extraterrestrial Life Detection with Isotopes and Some Aerospace Applications
Radioisotopes for Aerospace, Part 2: Systems and Applications, 347-357, Plenum Press, New York, 1966.
Significance and Status of Exobiology
BioScience, 15, 1, 17-20, 1965
Gulliver and Diogenes-Exobiological Antitheses
COSPAR, Life Sciences and Space Research III, 105-119, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1965.
Biological Objectives of Unmanned Exploration of the Solar System
Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, 19 American Astronautical Society, 1965.
Mark IV Gulliver-An In Situ Instrument for Extraterrestrial Life Detection
Digest of the 6th International Conference on Medical Electronics and Biological Engineering, Tokyo, 324-325, 1965.
The Interplanetary Olympics Begin
(editorial), BioScience, 15, 1, 15, January 1965.
Panel Discussion, Biological Objectives of Unmanned Exploration of the Solar System
Proceedings of the American Astronomical Society Symposium on Unmanned Exploration of the Solar System, Denver, Colorado, February 8-10, 1965.
‘Gulliver’-An Experiment for Extraterrestrial Life Detection and Analysis
Life Sciences and Space Research II, 6, 124-132, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1964.